Background Tobacco smoking is a leading cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity
and mortality. Evidence on the relation of smoking to different subtypes of CVD, across fatal …

Background It is not known how smoking affects the initial presentation of a wide range of
chronic and acute cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), nor the extent to which associations are …

Background The smoking epidemic in Australia is characterised by historic levels of
prolonged smoking, heavy smoking, very high levels of long-term cessation, and low current …

Background Tobacco use is one of the major avoidable causes of cardiovascular diseases.
We aimed to assess the risks associated with tobacco use (both smoking and non-smoking) …

Smoking is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease including coronary heart
disease and stroke, however, data regarding smoking and sudden cardiac death have not …

Smoking has consistently been related to cardiovascular risk. Public health efforts have
yielded reduced smoking prevalence and gains in cardiovascular disease (CVD) …

Objective To investigate how individual risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD)(blood
pressure, lipid levels, body mass index, waist and hip circumference, use of antihypertensive …

Smoking increases mortality from all causes and has a crucial role in atherosclerotic
cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Active smoking and secondhand smoke exposure …

Objective Smokeless tobacco use is a public health issue throughout the world, but reviews
and analyses of circulatory disease risks associated with smokeless tobacco use may be …

Tobacco use is a leading global cause of death, accounting for more than 6 million deaths
annually or at least 12 percent of deaths among people age 30 years and older (16 percent …