According to the latest available data, cancer is the second leading cause of death,
highlighting the need for novel cancer therapeutic approaches. In this context …

The clinical success of monoclonal antibody immune checkpoint modulators such as
ipilimumab, which targets cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), and the …

There is substantial need for molecularly defined tumor antigens to prime cytotoxic T cells in
vivo for cancer immunotherapy, especially in the case of tumor entities for which only a few …

Cancer immunotherapy has recently emerged as a powerful tool for the treatment of diverse
advanced malignancies. In particular, therapeutic application of immune checkpoint …

Presentation of tumor-specific or tumor-associated peptides by HLA class I molecules to
CD8+ T cells is the foundation of epitope-centric cancer immunotherapies. While often in …

Unlike traditional cancer therapies, such as surgery, radiation and chemotherapy that are
typically non-specific, cancer immunotherapy harnesses the high specificity of a patient's …

Immune-checkpoint inhibition provides an unmatched level of durable clinical efficacy in
various malignancies. Such therapies promote the activation of antigen-specific T cells …

Different immunotherapeutic approaches have proved to be of significant clinical value to
many patients with different types of advanced cancer. However, we need more precise …

Cancers are highly complex diseases that are characterized by not only the overgrowth of
malignant cells but also an altered immune response. The inhibition and reprogramming of …

Host immunity recognizes and eliminates most early tumor cells, yet immunological
checkpoints, exemplified by CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-L1, pose a significant obstacle to …