Theoretical literature suggests that trauma and (PTSD) may instigate changes in the
interpretation of bodily signals. Some findings support these inquiries, revealing that …

Orientation to bodily signals is defined as the way somatic sensations are attended,
perceived and interpreted. Research suggests that trauma exposure, particularly the …

Over the last decades, a growing body of research has deepened the understanding of the
complexity of traumatic events and their consequences. While verbal expressions of …

The individual's immediate response to traumatic stress has long been of interest to both
researchers and clinicians. Initially, researchers identified only three emotions as important …

Research examining maladaptive responses to trauma routinely relies on spontaneous self-
report to index intrusive thoughts, which assumes people accurately recognize and report …

Thoughts, feelings, and behaviors during traumatic events, that is, peritraumatic reactions,
are key to post-trauma psychopathology development. Qualitative research is required to …

Traumatic experiences have been linked to the development of altered states of
consciousness affecting bodily perception, including alterations in body ownership and …

Trauma-related disorders are debilitating psychiatric conditions that influence people who
have directly or indirectly witnessed adversities. Dramatic brain/body transformations and …

Risk assessment and intervention has, historically, not made direct links between trauma-
linked developmental psychological processes and dynamic risk. In this chapter two critical …

Objective Studies suggest that torture survivors often experience long-term chronic pain and
increased pain perception. However, it is unclear whether the actual experience of torture or …