Variations in the efficiency of the biological pumping of carbon from the surface to the deep
ocean have been invoked to explain changes in atmospheric pCO2 and thus climate on a …

The earliest Oligocene (∼ 33.5 Ma) is marked by a major step in the long-term transition
from an ice-free to glaciated world. The transition, characterized by both cooling and ice …

Past atmospheric pCO 2 variations largely resulted from a global integration of the changing
CO 2 input and output from the various parts of the ocean. These changes of the local CO 2 …

Ocean chemistry is affected by pCO2 in the atmosphere by increasing the dissolution of
solid calcium carbonate and elevating the dissolved inorganic carbon concentrations in …

Three cycles of δ13C occurred in Oligocene to Miocene benthic and planktonic foraminifera
at western North Atlantic Sites 558 and 563. Intervals of high δ13C occurred at about 35–33 …

One of the largest and most abrupt climatic warming events documented in the geologic
record occurred at the end of the Paleocene epoch. Oceanic deep waters warmed to 10° C …

A growing body of evidence suggests that respired carbon was stored in mid-depth waters
(∼ 1–3 km) during the last glacial maximum (LGM) and released to the atmosphere from …

The impact of an asteroid at the end of the Cretaceous caused mass extinctions in the
oceans. A rapid collapse in surface to deep-ocean carbon isotope gradients suggests that …

The late Paleocene to early Eocene warming trend was punctuated by a series of orbitally
paced transient warming events, associated with the release of isotopically light carbon into …

We examine whether or not a relationship exists between the late Miocene carbon isotope
shift (∼ 7.6–6.6 Ma) and marine productivity at four sites from the Indian and Pacific Oceans …