The lymphatic system is a complex network of lymph vessels, lymphatic organs and lymph
nodes. Traditionally, imaging of the lymphatic system has been based on conventional …

The lymphatic system is anatomically complex and difficult to image. Lymph ducts are
responsible for the drainage of part of the body's interstitial fluid. Lymph nodes account for …

Conventional oil-contrast lymphography has long been the mainstay for lymphatic imaging.
However, the emergence of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) …

Lymphatic imaging and interventional therapies of disorders affecting the lymphatic vascular
system have evolved rapidly in recent years. Although x-ray lymphangiography had been all …

Techniques for lymphatic imaging are aiming at accurate, simple and minimal-invasive
approaches with less side-effects and repetitive application. Limitations are emerging in …

The lymphatic system plays critical roles in tissue fluid homeostasis and immunity and has
been implicated in the development of many different pathologies, ranging from …

Noninvasive in vivo imaging of lymphatic vessels and lymphatic nodes is expected to fulfill
the purpose of analyzing lymphatic vessels and their function, understanding molecular …

Visualization of the lymphatic system is clinically necessary during diagnosis or treatment of
many conditions and diseases; it is used for identifying and monitoring lymphedema, for …

Accurate imaging of the lymphatic system can aid in cancer staging, optimize surgical
procedures to reduce lymphedema, and may one day be a means of delivering …

The lymphatic system plays an important role in immune regulation, transport of metabolites,
and fluid balance. The key circulatory role of the lymphatic system is to transport fluid from …