Abstract Background and Aims The gut microbiota plays an important role in the
metabolization and modulation of several types of drugs. With this study we aimed to review …

Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing-remitting disease. An
adverse immune reaction toward the intestinal microbiota is involved in the pathophysiology …

The gut microbiota is considered a key 'metabolic organ'. Its metabolic activities play
essential roles complementary to the host metabolic functions. The interplays between gut …

Despite the growing number of new drugs approved for the treatment of inflammatory bowel
disease (IBD), the long-term clinical use of thiopurine therapy and the well-known properties …

Gut microbiota plays an important role in the gut and have become a hotspot of recent
research interests. Commensal microbiota in gut exert a variety of effects on the host, from …

Highlights•Microbial fingerprints can serve as biomarkers in determining responses to
drugs.•Drug metabolism by gut microbiome can alter efficacy and adverse effects of a …

A key role of the gut microbiota in the establishment and maintenance of health, as well as in
the pathogenesis of disease, has been identified over the past two decades. One of the …

The human gut microbiome is a complex ecosystem that can mediate the interaction of the
human host with their environment. The interaction between gut microbes and commonly …

There are more than 1000 species of microbes reside in the human gut, umbering∼ 1014
microbes. As the invisible organ of human beings, gut microbiota can usually participate in …

Highlights•Association studies report drug-mediated changes in microbiome signatures.•
Interactions with the microbiome can be part of a drug's mode of action or side effects.• …