Airborne fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) attracts more and more attention due to its
environmental effects. The immune system appears to be a most sensitive target organ for …

Fine particulate matter 2.5 (PM2. 5) is a harmful air pollutant currently threatening public
health. Although many studies have been performed on the general negative effects of PM2 …

Many epidemiological investigations have consistently demonstrated the immunotoxicity of
fine particulate matter (PM 2.5), but the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear …

Fine particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2. 5) is a serious
air pollutant associated with health problems. Macrophages play an important role in the …

Particulate matter PM2. 5 is a class of airborne particles and droplets with sustained high
levels in many developing countries. Epidemiological studies have shown the association …

The epidemiological association between exposure to particulate matter (PM10) and various
respiratory and cardiovascular problems is well known, but the mechanisms driving these …

Abstract Fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) exposure is associated with morbidity and mortality
induced by respiratory diseases and increases the lung cancer risk. However, the …

The harm of fine particulate matter (PM2. 5) to public health is the focus of attention around
the world. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2015 ranked PM2. 5 as the fifth …

Recently, a continuous increase in environmental pollution has been observed. Despite
wide-scale efforts to reduce air pollutant emissions, the problem is still relevant. Exposure to …

Abstract Fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) air pollution poses a major risk to human health
worldwide, and absorbed chemicals play a key role in determining the toxicity of PM 2.5 …