While research into the biology of animal behaviour has primarily focused on the central
nervous system, cues from peripheral tissues and the environment have been implicated in …

Animals coexist in commensal, pathogenic or mutualistic relationships with complex
communities of diverse organisms, including microorganisms. Some bacteria produce …

Coordinated activity across networks of neurons is a hallmark of both resting and active
behavioural states in many species,,,–. These global patterns alter energy metabolism over …

Many feeding behaviours are the result of stereotyped, organized sequences of motor
patterns. These patterns have been the subject of neuroethological studies,, such as …

Infection-induced aversion against enteropathogens is a conserved sickness behaviour that
can promote host survival,. The aetiology of this behaviour remains poorly understood, but …

Integration of sensory and molecular inputs from the environment shapes animal behaviour.
A major site of exposure to environmental molecules is the gastrointestinal tract, in which …

The congregation of locusts into vast swarms can cause crop devastation of biblical
proportions. Here we show that guaiacol, a key component of a pheromone derived from …

Cooperative phenotypes are considered central to the functioning of microbial communities
in many contexts, including communication via quorum sensing, biofilm formation, antibiotic …

A balanced intake of macronutrients—protein, carbohydrate and fat—is essential for the well-
being of organisms. An adequate calorific intake but with insufficient protein consumption …

Exercise exerts a wide range of beneficial effects for healthy physiology 1. However, the
mechanisms regulating an individual's motivation to engage in physical activity remain …