Although estrogens have been always referred as female hormones, the deep involvement
of these steroids in the development and control of male reproductive functions is only …

The cytochrome P450 aromatase (P450arom) is the terminal enzyme responsible for the
irreversible transformation of androgens into oestrogens and is present in the endoplasmic …

The crucial role that oestrogens play in male reproduction has been generally accepted;
however, the exact mechanism of their action is not entirely clear and there is still much …

It is now well established that oestrogens play a part in germ cell function. These hormones
are synthesised by the cytochrome P450 aromatase (P450 arom) and act via two kinds of …

The role of oestrogens in male reproductive tract physiology has for a long time been a
subject of debate. The testis produces significant amounts of oestrogenic hormones, via …

Estrogens have historically been associated with female reproduction, but work over the last
two decades established that estrogens and their main nuclear receptors (ESR1 and ESR2) …

A proper balance between androgen and oestrogen is fundamental for normal male
reproductive development and function in both animals and humans. This balance is …

Estrogens have traditionally been considered female hormones. Nevertheless, the presence
of estrogen in males has been known for over 90 years. Initial studies suggested that …

Oestrogen is synthesized in the male reproductive system by at least three different cell
types; Sertoli, Leydig and germ cells. Although testosterone is recognized as the primary sex …

It has been well established for decades that androgens, namely testosterone (T) plays an
important role in female reproductive physiology as the precursor for oestradiol (E 2) …