This study aims to investigate the role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on fine particulate matter
(PM2. 5)-induced inflammatory responses of vascular endothelial cells. Inflammatory factors …

Background and aims Plenty of literature has documented that fine particulate matter (PM
2.5) exposure is related to blood pressure (BP) elevation. Vascular dysfunction is the …

Exposure to PM2. 5 has been strongly linked to endothelial dysfunction. However, the
underlying mechanism of PM2. 5 on the vascular endothelial function is poorly understood …

Abstract PM2. 5 (particulate matter< 2.5 μm in diameter) is proven to contribute to the
development of atherosclerosis. Endothelial cell dysfunction is the initial step of …

Epidemiologic studies have reported the association between fine particles (aerodynamic
diameter≤ 2.5 μm; PM2. 5) and health effects, but the immunological mechanisms are not …

Objective Atherosclerosis is an autoimmune inflammatory disease that is closely associated
with long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2. 5). CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ regulatory …

Background Exposure to particulate matter (PM) is a significant risk factor for increased
cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality. The mechanism of PM-mediated pathophysiology …

Epidemiological and clinical studies have increasingly shown that fine particulate matter
(PM2. 5) is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, which share the common …

Ambient fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) and high-fat diet (HFD) are linked to the
development of atherosclerosis. However, there is still unknown about the PM 2.5-induced …

Ambient and indoor air pollution contributes annually to approximately seven million
premature deaths. Air pollution is a complex mixture of gaseous and particulate materials. In …