A condition called “chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency”(CCSVI) has been postulated
to play a role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). This hypothesis implies that a …

Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is a term used to describe impaired
venous drainage from the central nervous system (CNS) caused by abnormalities in …

Objectives: To analyze all the arguments against chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency
(CCSVI) as a medical entity, and its association with multiple sclerosis (MS) and to revise all …

The hypothesis that extra-cranial venous flow abnormalities leading to a stagnant venous
return contribute to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) has generated passionate …

Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) has been proposed as a cause of
multiple sclerosis (MS). However, two new studies found a very low overall prevalence of …

Although the physiological mechanisms associated with cerebral-venous outflow are poorly
understood, abnormalities of the venous system have been implicated in a variety of …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the CNS caused by the
interplay of genetic and environmental factors. In the last years, it has been suggested that …

Chronic impaired venous outflow from the central nervous system has recently been claimed
to be associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) pathology. This resulted in the term chronic …

Objective Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease of the CNS.
Recently a controversial vascular hypothesis for MS, termed chronic cerebrospinal venous …

Objective: Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) had been suggested to play
a major pathogenetic role in multiple sclerosis (MS), but recent data on early stages of MS …