There are several natural and artificial factors that mimic the effects of chemical warfare
agents, thereby causing unwarranted alarm and confusion on the battlefield. Symptoms …

This report is part of the ongoing effort to gain a better understanding of the possible causes
of undiagnosed symptoms reported by some ODSDS veterans. It examines the scientific …

Chemical warfare (CW) agents may cause both conventional and chemical injuries. The
effects of the two types of injuries may be reciprocal, leading to difficulties in assessing and …

Chemical warfare agents (CWA's) are defined as any chemical substance whose toxic
properties are utilised to kill, injure or incapacitate an enemy in warfare and associated …

Civilian populations are at risk from exposure to toxic materials as a result of accidental or
deliberate exposure. In addition to industrial hazards, toxic agents designed for use in …

Successful management of incidents with chemical warfare agents strongly depends on the
speed of medical help and the ability of helpers to react properly. Though the general …

The Handbook of Chemical and Biological Warfare Agents, second edition provides a
superb summary of a wide variety of both chemical and biological warfare agents. Events …

The threat of chemical attack is present not only on the battlefield but in nonmilitary,
domestic settings as well. Planners must consider conventional chemical weapons such as …

The threat of exposure to chemical warfare agents has traditionally been considered a
military issue. Several recent events have demonstrated that civilians may also be exposed …

Chemical warfare agents are toxic compounds designed for military use or derived from
industrial products. A third group includes biological toxins resembling typical chemical …