Many human diseases are caused by pathogens that produce exotoxins. The genes that
encode these exotoxins are frequently encoded by mobile DNA elements such as plasmids …

Recent advances in metagenomics research have generated a bounty of information that
provides insight into the dynamic genetic exchange occurring between bacteriophage …

Many bacteria produce secreted virulence factors called exotoxins. Exotoxins are often
encoded by mobile genetic elements, including bacteriophage (phage). Phage can transfer …

Background Contamination from fecal bacteria in recreational waters is a major health
concern since bacteria capable of causing human disease can be found in animal feces …

A triplex PCR method was developed to simultaneously amplify a heat-labile toxin sequence
(LT) of 258 bp, a shiga-like toxin I sequence (SLT I) of 130 bp, and a shiga-like toxin II …

Phages encoding production of Vero cytotoxins VT1 or VT2 were isolated from strains of
Escherichia coli of human and bovine origin. Two human strains of serotype Ol57: H7 …

ABSTRACT Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2) from the foodborne pathogen Escherichia coli O157: H7 is
encoded on a temperate bacteriophage. Toxin-encoding phages from C600:: 933W and …

The nucleotide sequence of an 11,142-bp region including the stx 2 operon in the genome
of the temperate bacteriophage 933W in the EDL933 strain of Escherichia coli O157 was …

Phages carrying the stx2 gene were detected in a range of sewage samples using a plaque
hybridization‐based method. After detection, phages were isolated and propagated with a …

Infections with bacteria producing shiga toxin are responsible for widespread disease and
for the death of a large number of people. In the present study, we have developed a rapid …