Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) promotes tumor invasion and metastasis by inducing
epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT is often related with acquisition of stemness …

Background Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) hypothesis asserts that only a small subset of cells
within a tumour is capable of both tumour initiation and sustainment. The Epithelial …

Lung cancer is a highly malignant carcinoma, and most deaths of lung cancer are caused by
metastasis. The alterations associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) may …

Metastasis of tumor cells is associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT),
which is a process whereby epithelial cells lose their polarity and acquire new features of …

Metastasis is the leading cause of death by cancer. Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
represents nearly 85% of primary malignant lung tumours. Recent researches have …

Background Bladder cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the urinary
system and is associated with a poor prognosis once invasion and distant metastases occur …

Although there have been advances in cancer therapy and surgical improvement, lung
cancer has the lowest survival rate (19%) at all stages. This is because most patients are …

Despite the therapeutic advances, lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related
death in the United States and worldwide. Metastasis and recurrence are considered to be …

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 contributes to autocrine and paracrine functions in the
tumor microenvironment (TME). The present study examined the effects of TGF-β1 crosstalk …

Cancer cells undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during invasion and
metastasis. Although transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and pro-inflammatory cytokines …