Mariana Vieira de Oliveira Bello Assistant Heart Transplant Team Instituto do Coração do
Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo …

Activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is increased in heart failure.
Agents which act on the RAAS can be expected to benefit these patients. Recent trials which …

The high prevalence and poor prognosis of heart failure are a major concern.
Hospitalization for heart failure accounts for a major proportion of health-care expenditure. A …

Chronic heart failure (CHF) has become one of the largest medical and epidemiological
problems of the Western world, carrying a high morbidity and mortality. Traditional treatment …

When I was a medical student and junior doctor in the early 1980s I saw many patients on
the wards in hospital with this terrible illness for which we could do little. When the heart fails …

During 1993 the indications for the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
were expanded to include patients with left ventricular dysfunction and acute myocardial …

A review of the current evidence on the effects of various agents on survival among patients
with congestive heart failure (CHF) suggests that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors …

The role of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) in heart failure (HF), which act
primarily by inhibiting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, has been thoroughly …

Numerous clinical trials have highlighted the role of the renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone
(RAA) system in the development and progression of heart failure. Over 30 randomized …

PARADIGM-HF trial in the Journal (pages 993–1004) we may be entering a new era of
treatment for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. To provide a historical perspective …