PCR amplification of rRNA intergenic spacer regions as a method for epidemiologic typing of Clostridium difficile

CP Cartwright, F Stock, SE Beekmann… - Journal of clinical …, 1995 - Am Soc Microbiol
… preceding diagnosis were designated as community acquired. By these criteria, seven
hospital-acquired cases were tightly clustered over a 10-day period in February 1993, and C. …

[PDF][PDF] … Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea not associated with antibiotic usage–two case reports with review of the changing epidemiology of Clostridium difficile …

MP Bauer, A Goorhuis, T Koster… - Neth J …, 2008 - scholarlypublications …
… , even in those without characteristic risk factors for CDAD. … : a case of truly community-acquired
CDAD without any known … Some of these cases may actually be hospital-acquired, since …

[HTML][HTML] Prospective study of Clostridium difficile infections in Europe with phenotypic and genotypic characterisation of the isolates

…, European Study Group on Clostridium difficile  … - … and Infection, 2007 - Elsevier
… A 2-month prospective study of Clostridium difficile infections … phenotypic and genotypic
features of clinical isolates of C. … CDAD was considered to be community-acquired if the …

Clostridium difficile infection: epidemiology, risk factors and management

AN Ananthakrishnan - Nature reviews Gastroenterology & hepatology, 2011 - nature.com
… , such as those with community-acquired infection and no previous … CDI is lower than the
rate of hospital-acquired CDI but is still … The clinical features of CDI can vary from asymptomatic …

Characterization of cases of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) presenting at an emergency room: molecular and clinical features differentiate community-onset …

SBM Shin BoMoon, MSJ Moon SeJin… - 2011 - cabidigitallibrary.org
hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile infection (CO-HA-CDI) is difficult in patients presenting
with diarrhea at hospitals or outpatient clinics… CO-HA-CDI and community-acquired CDI (CA-…

Clostridium difficile Infection in Humans and Piglets: A 'One Health' Opportunity

MM Squire, TV Riley - … Interfaces in Emerging Infectious Diseases: the …, 2012 - Springer
… Rates of community-acquired C. difficile infection (CDI) are increasing world wide, a fact that
… as initiating a cytokine cascade that results in further damage and characteristic symptoms. …

Correlation between fecal calprotectin levels, disease severity and the hypervirulent ribotype 027 strain in patients with Clostridium difficile infection

A Peretz, L Tkhawkho, N Pastukh, D Brodsky… - BMC infectious …, 2016 - Springer
that calprotectin has bacteriostatic and fungistatic properties … size, reflecting the fact that
our medical center is a 300 bed … with community acquired CDI, and due to rigorous infection

Clostridium difficile colitis and zoonotic origins—a narrative review

AWW Brown, RB Wilson - Gastroenterology report, 2018 - academic.oup.com
… hospital- and community-acquired CDI are discussed, … Hospital-acquired CDI (HACDI) in
contrast is defined as a positive … difficile still had classic features of acute colitis on histology, …

The growing incidence and severity of Clostridium difficile infection in inpatient and outpatient settings

S Khanna, DS Pardi - Expert review of gastroenterology & …, 2010 - Taylor & Francis
… increasing number of community-acquired infections. This article … and the differences
in the clinical features, risk factors and … that began within 4 weeks of discharge as hospital-acquired, …

[PDF][PDF] Spatial clustering and livestock exposure as risk factor for community-acquired Clostridium difficile

SM van Dorp, MPM Hensgens… - … difficile infections … - scholarlypublications …
… Ten percent of community-acquired CDIs was caused by PCR ribotype 078, spatially …
suggests a lack of localised point sources of CDI in the living environment of these patients. …